Nasal symptoms of congestion, irritation, dryness, and bleeding may develop from external sources as well as from internal infection, polyps, sinusitis, allergy, or deviated septum. Our physicians will discuss your particular concern after carefully examining the nose and related areas. In some cases, we will obtain sinus CT scans to evaluate deeper than our eyes can see. Many problems with the nose and sinuses arise, or are made worse, due to problems in your environment or with care of the nose. This material will provide general guidance for you on safe and appropriate care of the nose and sinuses.
Options for Safe Nasal and Sinus Care
For most of us, the nose and sinuses (like our eyes) are effective in cleaning and caring for themselves. Certain additional care can be carried out safely, either when recommended by our physician or at your own option.
- It is safe and usually effective to leave the nose alone. The normal thin layer of mucus lubricates and protects the delicate mucous membranes, and the tiny hair cells successfully clean debris from the area.
- Moistening the nose may be performed safely by using normal saline sprays or gels. These are available at the pharmacy with the proper concentration of salt. These are safe to use as often as desired. If preferred, homemade saline solutions must be made with the proper concentration of 1/8 teaspoon of salt per 8 ounces of water.
- Humidification is extremely helpful during the heating season, especially in the bedroom at night. All heat is drying, though forced air and electric heat are the most severe. Central humidifiers in a forced air system are often less effective. Do not add menthol or camphor chemical to the water (see below).
- It is safe and effective for dryness or crusting to use a cotton swab or finger to apply a small amount of Bacitracin ointment or plain Vaseline to the front of the nose. Water based gels may be used as well.
- In some instances, a program of nasal hygiene using hypertonic saline solution may be recommended. If so, an instructional sheet will be given to you.
Avoid the Following Care
The nose and sinuses are lined with delicate membranes. The mucosa of the nose and sinuses is extremely thin and sensitive. It reacts poorly to rubbing, irritation, chemicals, and fumes. Avoid cleaning the inside of the nose with any solid dry material and avoid exposure to irritating chemicals. This includes avoiding:
- Tissue inserted inside the nose for "cleaning"
- Dry cotton swabs
- Substances containing camphor or menthol (e.g. medicated Vaseline, Vicks, and Boroleum)
- Tobacco smoke
- Perfumes (for those who are sensitive) nose care